The Central Black Hole and Relationships with the Host Galaxy Bradley M. Peterson We will review the fundamental observational properties of AGNs, with emphasis on the evidence for supermassive black holes, and will discuss the observed characteristics of AGN continuum and emission-line variability. We describe the theory and practice of emission-line reverberation mapping, with emphasis on measurement of black hole mass measurement. The relationships between black hole mass and the host-galaxy bulge velocity dispersion and total luminosity will be investigated. We will also cover black hole mass estimation from scaling relationships, the observational requirements to obtain velocity-delay maps, and the nature of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies.